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Core java - Interview Questions and Answers for 'Time' - 17 question(s) found - Order By Newest

Very frequently asked. Among first few questions in almost all interviews. Among Top 5 frequently asked questions. Frequently asked in Indian service companies (HCL,TCS,Infosys,Capgemini etc based on multiple feedback ) and Epam Systems
  Q1. Difference between == and .equals() ?Core Java
Ans. "equals" is the method of object class which is supposed to be overridden to check object equality, whereas "==" operator evaluate to see if the object handlers on the left and right are pointing to the same object in memory.

x.equals(y) means the references x and y are holding objects that are equal. x==y means that the references x and y have same object.

Sample code:

String x = new String("str");
String y = new String("str");

System.out.println(x == y); // prints false
System.out.println(x.equals(y)); // prints true

  Sample Code for equals

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   string comparison   string   object class   ==    equals   object equality  operator   == vs equals   equals vs ==     Asked in 294 Companies      basic        frequent

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  Q2. Explain OOPs

or

Explain OOPs Principles

or

Explain OOPs Concepts

or

Explain OOPs features

or

Tell me something about OOPs
Core Java
Ans. OOPs or Object Oriented Programming is a Programming model which is organized around Objects instead of processes. Instead of a process calling series of processes, this model stresses on communication between objects. Objects that all self sustained, provide security by encapsulating it's members and providing abstracted interfaces over the functions it performs. OOP's facilitate the following features

1. Inheritance for Code Reuse
2. Abstraction for modularity, maintenance and agility
3. Encapsulation for security and protection
4. Polymorphism for flexibility and interfacing

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     oops  oops features     Asked in 260 Companies      basic        frequent


 Q3. What are points to consider in terms of access modifier when we are overriding any method?Core Java
Ans. 1. Overriding method can not be more restrictive than the overridden method.

reason : in case of polymorphism , at object creation jvm look for actual runtime object. jvm does not look for reference type and while calling methods it look for overridden method.

If by means subclass were allowed to change the access modifier on the overriding method, then suddenly at runtime when the JVM invokes the true objects version of the method rather than the reference types version then it will be problematic

2. In case of subclass and superclass define in different package, we can override only those method which have public or protected access.

3. We can not override any private method because private methods can not be inherited and if method can not be inherited then method can not be overridden.

  Sample Code for Overriding

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   overriding   access specifier   inheritence   oops   polymorphism  object oriented programming (oops)  oops concepts   runtime polymorphism  object oriented programming (oops)  oops concepts     Asked in 4 Companies

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Basic and Very Frequently asked.
  Q4. What is Polymorphism in Java ?Core Java
Ans. Polymorphism means the condition of occurring in several different forms.

Polymorphism in Java is achieved in two manners

1. Static polymorphism is the polymorphic resolution identified at compile time and is achieved through function overloading whereas

2. Dynamic polymorphism is the polymorphic resolution identified at runtime and is achieved through method overriding.

  Sample Code for overloading

  Sample Code for overriding

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     polymorphism  object oriented programming (oops)  oops concepts  oops concepts     Asked in 108 Companies      Basic        frequent

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 Q5. How Java provide high Performance ?Core Java
Ans. Java uses Just-In-Time compiler to enable high performance. Just-In-Time compiler is a program that turns Java bytecode into instructions that can be sent directly to the processor.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   compiler   jvm   bytecode   justintime compiler   architecture


Usually asked to entry level software developers.
  Q6. Write a program to swap two variables without using thirdCore Java
Ans. public static void main(String[] args) {
   int num1 = 1;   
   int num2 = 2;
   num1 = num1^num2;
   num2 = num1^num2;
   num1 = num1^num2;
   System.out.print("num1 = " + num1 +", num2 = "+num2);
}

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     code  coding     Asked in 37 Companies      basic        frequent


 Q7. If everything is an object , Cant we declare every object as

Object obj = new String();
Core Java
Ans. Yes, we can do that. Compiler wont complain. But using object reference we can only access methods which have been defined for object class i.e clone(), equals(), hashCode(), toString() etc.

We cannot access methods defined in String class or in any class in hierarchy between String and Object.

For example - we cannot do obj.append("abc") as it will now give compile time error.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     object initialization  object declaration   runtime polymorphism  object oriented programming (oops)  oops concepts


 Q8. What are the sub classes of Exception class?Core Java
Ans. The Exception class has two main subclasses : IOException class and RuntimeException Class.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   exceptions   exception class   ioexception   runtimeexception


 Q9. In which cases isn't instanceof operator a bad practice?Core Java
Ans. To avoid ClassCastException.

Though the following code will compile fine but will result in ClassCastException during runtime.

Fruit fruit = new Apple();
Banana banana = Banana(fruit); // ClassCastException


This code will not give compile time error as Banana and Fruit are related as Banana either extends or implement Fruit, So downcasting is acceptable. With this code we assume that the Fruit handler will have the Apple object at that point, violating which the code will throw the exception.

This exception can be avoided by following code.

Fruit fruit = new Apple();
if(fruit instanceOf Banana){
Banana banana = Banana(fruit); // ClassCastException
}

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     java   instanceof   classcastexception   runtime exceptions  instanceOf operator

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 Q10. What is the difference between following time formats ?

hh:mm:ss
HH:mm:ss
kk:mm:ss
KK:mm:ss
Core Java
Ans. hh= hours in 1-12 format
HH= hours in 0-23 format
kk = Hours in 1-24 format
KK= hours in 0-11 format

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     Date  Date Time Format  Date Time


 Q11. What is "dynamic method dispatch" in java ?Core Java
Ans. dynamic method dispatch is a process in which a call to an
overridden method is resolved at runtime rather than at compile-time. This is used to achieve runtime polymorphism in java.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     overriding  runtime polymorphism  object oriented programming (oops)  oops concepts


 Q12. What is dynamic dispatch in Java ?Core Java
Ans. Dynamic dispatch in java is also known as runtime polymorphism.It is a process in which a call to an overriden method is resolved at runtime.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     dynamic dispatch  runtime polymorphism  object oriented programming (oops)  oops concepts


 Q13. What is the default data type of Serialized methods?'Core Java
 This question was recently asked at 'Intime Tec'.This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.


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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve          Asked in 1 Companies


 Q14. Is Runtime Polymorphism possible without Inheritance ?Core Java
Ans. Yes, Runtime Polymprohism requires either Class inheritance or Interface implementation.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     runtime polymorphism  object oriented programming (oops)  oops concepts  method overriding  inheritance  object oriented programming (oops)  oops concepts


 Q15. What is virtual table with respect to method overriding in Java ?Core Java
 This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.


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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     vtable  virtual method table   method overriding  runtime polymorphism  object oriented programming (oops)  oops concepts


 Q16. How is the virtual method table implemented in Java?Core Java
 This question is still unanswered. Can you please provide an answer.


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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     virtual method table   method overriding  runtime polymorphism  object oriented programming (oops)  oops concepts      expert        rare


 Q17. How many VTables are there for each class ? Core Java
Ans. There is one VTable for each class.

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   Like         Discuss         Correct / Improve     virtual table method  vtable  runtime polymorphism  object oriented programming (oops)  oops concepts   method overriding      intermediate        rare


 Q18. Runtime Polymorphism in Java is achieved through ..Core Java
a. Method Overloading
b. Method Overriding
c. Variable Overloading
d. Variable Overriding

Ans.b. Method Overriding


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